Some Thoughts on Poetry

· There is metrical, formal, syllabic, free verse, language, and prose poetry.
· Most poems can be classified predominantly as either lyrical or narrative poems. Epic poems are usually narrative.
· One key choice for the poet writing a poem is whether the poem will be in past or present tense.
· Another key choice for the poet is whether the poem will be in first person, third person, or second person.
· What form will the poem be in? For example, a traditional form like a sonnet or villanelle, or free verse.
· So much depends upon the line break. You can break the line with these considerations in mind: a key word or emphasized word that lends itself to the theme(s) or message(s) of the poem, a word with energy such as a verb, for musical reasons, for line length in comparison to other lines in the poem, and for visual reasons (using the page as a canvas). Some poets believe that line breaks are like musical notation and are one of the main ways a poet can convey his or her unique voice in a poem (Denise Levertov). Generally it is best to break a line on a noun, verb or adjective rather than other parts of speech such as a preposition or article.
· It’s important to choose dramatic moment or peak experience for the moment or moments in a poem.
· “There is one rule for poetry. There are no rules.” --William Patrick
· “Make it new.” --Ezra Pound
· Make the real unreal and the unreal real. This lends interest and credibility to a poem.
· Generally, formal verse forces you to be more meditative, big picture, and make sweeping general statements. Free verse allows you to be more conversational and more specific.
· Prose proceeds and poetry turns.
· Think of a poem as content you draw a circle around and intensify through heightened language what is within the circle.
· Poetry has its roots in the oral tradition, so I believe it is meant to be musical and read aloud.
· One way to make your language sound more poetical is to cut words that you would normally include in prose.
· Poetry should be eloquently said or beautiful, even if the content of the poem is about ugly things.
· Diction: nitty-gritty monosyllabic or dissyllabic Germanic words versus polysyllabic Latinate words. Ex: dark, hammer versus ephemeral, cognition.
· Nouns and verbs are the workhorses in poems. Particularly verbs.
· No surprise in the writer, no surprise in the reader. –Robert Frost?
· There are witty poems. Meditative poems.
· Tone can be one of the greatest pleasures in a poem.
· Consider modulating your tone in a poem.
· There is so much magic and the essence of what is poetry to be found in imagery and specificity. Generally, the more specific the better.
· Poetry, like any art, is a vast ocean. There is always more to learn.
· Poets lie and steal. Don’t think you have to have allegiance to the truth of what actually happened. If it makes a better poem to alter the facts, do so.
· Always revise according to what’s best for the poem. Be ruthless.
· Don’t despair over cutting well said sections of your poem if they need to be cut from the poem. Don’t treat those words as precious things you can’t part with. If you wrote those words, you will be able to write plenty more like them in the future. If it makes you feel better about cutting them out of your poem, save all of your well said orphan words in a file somewhere lest you fear they will be lost forever.
· Poetry does not always translate well out of one language and into another. Translators have to choose between literally translating meaning or striking a balance with other considerations like tone and music.
· There is an art to titling poems.
· Art is about finding that just right balance among competing considerations.
· When revising a poem, you often have to make tough choices among competing considerations such as sound, sense, line length, look on the page, perfect or slant rhyme, etc.
· The objective correlative of T.S. Eliot. There’s a kind of imagery that corresponds to a specific emotion or mixture of emotions.
· Do you play it safe and write the “academic poem” that’s politically correct and examines fairly all sides of an issue, or take a stand and present it forcefully. I argue for the later. You can always write subsequent poems to adequately present the other aspects. Advice from Gerald Stern.
· When giving feedback on another person’s poetry, remember that we all have our aesthetic biases and try to make the other person write like we do. Try your best to keep this in check and instead see what the poem is trying to be on its own terms. Look for the hints it is giving towards what it wants to be. Try to take on the other poet’s aesthetics and imagine how the poet can best revise the poem from that point of view.
· “No ideas but in things.” --William Carlos Williams
· Write about what you know. Generally, yes, good advice, but you should also learn about things you don’t know and write about them. Write about what you know can be bad advice for young poets who don’t know a lot. It is better to send them to the library to learn about things that they can bring into their poems. Good and interesting poems can come from research.
· “Write as if a train is bearing down upon you.” With a sense of urgency. Advice given to Joshua Poteat in a Poteat interview.
· Tony Hoagland’s idea of how many poems suffer from not having enough things going on in them. Tony talks about angularities in a poem. How you should import other content into the poem, often random or out of left field content.
· Writing a poem well and easily is often about how well you can slip into a kind of trance mode when it feels like the poem is coming from a place other than you and you are just listening and taking dictation.
· You have to get to the unconscious and use the unconscious as your ally. You have to consciously give your unconscious marching orders to follow and problems to solve. The unconscious will work behind the scenes and if you are patient eventually come up with a creative solution.
· Be stubborn and patient when it comes to poetry. From Phillip Levine.